Succession to an assured tenancy HA 1988 s. 17
HA 1988 s. 17 sets out when a surviving spouse, civil partner, cohabitant, or named express term beneficiary succeeds to an assured tenancy on a tenant's death.
Subject to subsection (1D), In any case where— the sole tenant under an assured periodic tenancy dies, and immediately before the death, the tenant’s spouse or civil partner was occupying the dwelling-house as his or her only or principal home, and . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . then, on the death, the tenancy vests by virtue of this section in the spouse or civil partner (and, accordingly, does not devolve under the tenant’s will or intestacy). Subject to subsection (1D), in any case where— there is an assured periodic tenancy of a dwelling-house in England under which— the landlord is a private registered provider of social housing, and the tenant is a sole tenant, the tenant under the tenancy dies, immediately before the death, the dwelling-house was not occupied by a spouse or civil partner of the tenant as his or her only or principal home, an express term of the tenancy makes provision for a person other than such a spouse or civil partner of the tenant to succeed to the tenancy, and there is a person whose succession is in accordance with that term, then, on the death, the tenancy vests by virtue of this section in that person (and, accordingly, does not devolve under the tenant's will or intestacy). Subject to subsection (1D), in any case where— there is an assured tenancy of a dwelling-house in England for a fixed term of not less than two years under which— the landlord is a private registered provider of social housing, and the tenant is a sole tenant, the tenant under the tenancy dies, and immediately before the death, the tenant's spouse or civil partner was occupying the dwelling-house as his or her only or principal home, then, on the death, the tenancy vests by virtue of this section in the spouse or civil partner (and, accordingly, does not devolve under the tenant's will or intestacy). Subject to subsection (1D), in any case where— there is an assured tenancy of a dwelling-house in England for a fixed term of not less than two years under which— the landlord is a private registered provider of social housing, and the tenant is a sole tenant, the tenant under the tenancy dies, immediately before the death, the dwelling-house was not occupied by a spouse or civil partner of the tenant as his or her only or principal home, an express term of the tenancy makes provision for a person other than such a spouse or civil partner of the tenant to succeed to the tenancy, and there is a person whose succession is in accordance with that term, then, on the death, the tenancy vests by virtue of this section in that person (and accordingly does not devolve under the tenant's will or intestacy). Subsection (1) , (1A), (1B) or (1C) or (1A) does not apply if the tenant was himself a successor as defined in subsection (2) or subsection (3). In such a case, on the death, the tenancy vests by virtue of this section in a person (“P”) (and, accordingly, does not devolve under the tenant's will or intestacy) if, and only if— (in a case within subsection (1 the tenancy is of a dwelling-house in England under which the landlord is a private registered provider of social housing, an express term of the tenancy makes provision for a person to succeed a successor to the tenancy, and P's succession is in accordance with that term. For the purposes of this section, a tenant is a successor in relation to a tenancy if— the tenancy became vested in him either by virtue of this section or under the will or intestacy of a previous tenant; or at some time before the tenant’s death the tenancy was a joint tenancy held by himself and one or more other persons and, prior to his death, he became the sole tenant by survivorship; or he became entitled to the tenancy as mentioned in section 39(5) below. For the purposes of this section, a tenant is also a successor in relation to a tenancy (in this subsection referred to as “ the new tenancy ”) which was granted to him (alone or jointly with others) if— at some time before the grant of the new tenancy, he was, by virtue of subsection (2) above, a successor in relation to an earlier tenancy of the same or substantially the same dwelling-house as is let under the new tenancy; and at all times since he became such a successor he has been a tenant (alone or jointly with others) of the dwelling-house which is let under the new tenancy or of a dwelling-house which is substantially the same as that dwelling-house. For the purposes of this section, a person who was living with the tenant as if they were a married couple or civil partners is to be treated as the tenant’s spouse or civil partner. If, on the death of the tenant, there is, by virtue of subsection (4) above, more than one person who fulfils the condition in subsection (1)(b) or (1B)(c) above , such one of them as may be decided by agreement or, in default of agreement, by the county court shall for the purposes of this section be treated as the tenant’s spouse or civil partner . If, on the death of the tenant, there is more than one person in whom the tenancy would otherwise vest by virtue of subsection (1A) , (1C) or (1E), the tenancy vests in such one of them as may be agreed between them or, in default of agreement, as is determined by the county court. This section does not apply to a fixed term assured tenancy that is a lease of a dwelling-house— granted on payment of a premium calculated by reference to a percentage of the value of the dwelling-house or of the cost of providing it, or under which the lessee (or the lessee's personal representatives) will or may be entitled to a sum calculated by reference, directly or indirectly, to the value of the dwelling-house.
Text in force at .
Source: legislation.gov.uk — The National Archives (legislation.gov.uk), reproduced under licence Open Government Licence v3.0.
What it actually says
When the sole tenant of an assured periodic tenancy dies, the tenancy vests automatically in their surviving spouse or civil partner, provided that person occupied the dwelling-house as their only or principal home immediately before the death. A person who lived with the tenant as if they were a married couple or civil partners is treated as a spouse or civil partner for this purpose.
For tenancies where the landlord is a private registered provider of social housing in England, succession rules also cover fixed term assured tenancies of not less than two years. Furthermore, if there is no occupying spouse or civil partner, an express term in the tenancy agreement can allow another specified person to succeed.
Succession under this section does not apply if the deceased tenant was already a successor, unless express tenancy terms with a social housing provider allow succession to a successor. If multiple qualifying cohabitants or express beneficiaries exist, succession is decided by agreement or by the county court.
When it applies
- A sole tenant under a private assured periodic tenancy dies while living with their spouse who occupied the property as their main home.
- An unmarried partner living with the sole tenant as a married couple seeks to take over the tenancy following the tenant's death.
- A tenant of a private registered provider of social housing dies under a fixed term tenancy of two years, leaving a surviving civil partner in the property.
- A social housing tenant dies without a partner, but the tenancy agreement contains an express term naming a child to succeed to the tenancy.
What this section does not say
- Automatic succession rights for adult children under a standard private landlord periodic tenancy where no express term exists.
- A second succession where the deceased tenant had already inherited the tenancy as a successor.
- Guarantor liability for unpaid rent arising after the tenant's death, which is addressed under section 16N.
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This page reproduces the text of HA 1988 s. 17 in force at the date shown and explains it in general terms. It is not legal advice and takes no account of the circumstances of your case, which can change the answer completely. For a live dispute, for limitation periods, and before taking any step in court, consult a qualified lawyer in England and Wales.