Part IIWaste on Land

• EPA 1990 s. 29 Key definitions for waste Part Defines key terms for waste regulation: 'pollution of the environment', 'harm', 'recovery', 'disposal', 'treatment', etc. under EPA 1990 s. 29.
• EPA 1990 s. 30 Waste Authorities Defined Defines which public bodies serve as waste regulation, waste disposal, and waste collection authorities under EPA 1990 Part II.
• EPA 1990 s. 32 Transition to waste disposal companies Section 32 governs the transition to waste disposal companies: establishment, transfer of assets, and ongoing responsibilities of local authorities.
• EPA 1990 s. 33 Unlawful waste deposit and disposal Section 33 bans depositing or disposing of controlled waste without a permit, or causing pollution, carrying penalties up to five years imprisonment.
• EPA 1990 s. 33A Costs for investigation & seizure - EPA 1990 s.33A Court may order offender to pay enforcement authority's investigation and vehicle seizure costs, including disposal of contents, under EPA 1990 s.33A.
• EPA 1990 s. 33B Clean-up costs for waste offences Clean-up costs for illegal waste disposal are included as loss for compensation orders, and the limit is raised from £5000 to the full cost.
• EPA 1990 s. 34 Duty of care for waste EPA 1990 s.34 imposes a duty of care on waste handlers to prevent illegal dumping, escape, and to secure written waste descriptions on transfer.
• EPA 1990 s. 34A Fixed penalty for waste document failure Enforcement authorities can issue a £300 fixed penalty notice for failing to provide waste duty of care documents, giving 14 days to pay to avoid prosecution.
• EPA 1990 s. 34B Power to search and seize vehicles etc EPA 1990 s.34B: search & seize vehicles for waste & permitting offences; stop, enter, demand info. Obstruction/false info fine level 5.
• EPA 1990 s. 34C Seizure of vehicles supplementary EPA 1990 s.34C allows seizure authority to remove property; regulations govern custody, return, disposal; notice before sale unless immediate disposal.
• EPA 1990 s. 34D EPA 1990 s. 34D: Prohibition on food waste to sewer(Wales) In Wales, non-domestic occupiers cannot discharge food waste into public sewers (exemption for homes and caravans). Offence punishable by fine.
• EPA 1990 s. 35 Waste management licence requirement EPA 1990 s.35 requires a waste management licence for treating, keeping or disposing of controlled waste and sets out general conditions for the licence.
• EPA 1990 s. 36 Grant of licences Section 36 of the Environmental Protection Act 1990 governs the grant of waste management licences. It is part of Part II on waste disposal.
• EPA 1990 s. 36A Consultation before grant of licences Requires consultation with specified persons before granting certain waste management licences under s.36. Procedure per regulations.
• EPA 1990 s. 37A Consultation before varying waste licences Requires the waste regulator to consult before varying a waste management licence under EPA 1990 s.37A, ensuring interested parties are heard.
• EPA 1990 s. 38 Revocation and suspension of waste licences EPA 1990 s.38 allows the Environment Agency to revoke or suspend a waste management licence for breach of conditions, risk of pollution, or danger to health.
• EPA 1990 s. 39 Surrender of waste management licences Sets out the procedure for surrender of a waste management licence under EPA 1990 s.39, including acceptance requirements and residual liabilities.
• EPA 1990 s. 40 Transfer of licences EPA 1990 s. 40 allows a waste management licence holder to transfer the licence to another person, subject to regulator consent and procedural requirements.
• EPA 1990 s. 40A Provision omitted Section 40A of the Environmental Protection Act 1990 is omitted. It previously dealt with consolidated licences but has been removed from the statute.
• EPA 1990 s. 42 Powers to supervise waste licences EPA 1990 s.42 gives the regulator power to supervise licensed waste sites: entry, inspection, and information requests to check compliance.
• EPA 1990 s. 43 Appeals from licence decisions EPA 1990 s. 43: appeals from licence decisions to the Secretary of State, with provision for hearings and regulations on appeal procedures.
• EPA 1990 s. 44 Offences of false statements or entries Criminal offence for knowingly or recklessly making false statements or entries related to waste licences or information under EPA 1990 Part II.
• EPA 1990 s. 44A National Waste Strategy Duty EPA 1990 s. 44A requires the Secretary of State to create and update a national waste strategy for waste recovery and disposal in England and Wales.
• EPA 1990 s. 44B National waste strategy for Scotland SEPA must prepare a national waste strategy for Scotland, consult industry and local authorities, and comply with Secretary of State directions.
• EPA 1990 s. 45 Collection of controlled waste EPA 1990 s. 45: duty to collect household waste, commercial waste on request, and privy/cesspool emptying. Charges for non-household waste.
• EPA 1990 s. 45A Separate collection of household waste English waste collection authorities must collect recyclable household waste separately, each stream separately unless impracticable, and food waste weekly.
• EPA 1990 s. 45B Power to apply s.45A to Welsh authorities EPA 1990 s.45B Section 45B EPA 1990, which allowed applying section 45A to Welsh waste collection authorities, is now blank and has no effect.
• EPA 1990 s. 45C Recycling bin duties in Scotland Scottish councils must provide separate dry recycling bins from 1st January 2014 and food waste bins from 1st January 2016, subject to rural exemptions.
• EPA 1990 s. 46 Rules for household waste bins under Local authorities can serve notice requiring occupiers to use specific waste bins. Occupiers can appeal unreasonable demands within twenty-one days.
• EPA 1990 s. 46A Household waste bin penalties Under EPA 1990 s. 46A, councils in England can issue written warnings and fixed penalties for bin rule breaches that cause nuisance or amenity detriment.
• EPA 1990 s. 46B Fixed penalty amount and recovery - EPA 1990 s.46B Fixed penalty amount under s.46A is £60 unless authority specifies a different amount. Allows payment of a lesser amount. Recoverable as civil debt.
• EPA 1990 s. 46C Fixed penalty notice procedure - EPA 1990 s.46C Notice of intent and final notice procedure for fixed penalties under s.46A: 28-day period for representations before final notice.
• EPA 1990 s. 46D Appealing a fixed penalty Appeal right for fixed penalty under s.46A: person served final notice may appeal to First-tier Tribunal; penalty suspended; if confirmed, pay within 28 days.
• EPA 1990 s. 47 EPA 1990 s. 47: Commercial/industrial waste receptacles Section 47 allows authorities to supply or require receptacles for commercial/industrial waste, with charges, notice requirements, and 21-day appeal period.
• EPA 1990 s. 47A Duty to report recycling to Parliament EPA 1990 s. 47A required the Secretary of State to lay a report before Parliament by 31st October 2004 on English waste authority recycling performance.
• EPA 1990 s. 48 Duties of waste collection authorities EPA 1990 s. 48: waste collection authorities must deliver waste to directed places, may recycle, and waste disposal authority can object. Not for Scotland.
• EPA 1990 s. 49 Recycling plans by collection authorities - EPA 1990 s.49 Waste collection authorities are required to prepare a recycling plan for their area and review it annually, with copies to the Secretary of State.
• EPA 1990 s. 51 Waste disposal authority duties Waste disposal authorities must arrange disposal of collected waste and provide free household waste deposit sites for local residents. EPA 1990 s. 51.
• EPA 1990 s. 52 Recycling and waste disposal payments Section 52 obliges waste disposal authorities to pay collection authorities and recyclers amounts based on net savings for diverted waste under EPA 1990 s. 52.
• EPA 1990 s. 52A Payments for delivering pre-separated waste EPA 1990 s.52A English waste disposal authority must compensate collection authority for separation requirement costs; may pay for pre-separated waste; disputes arbitrated.
• EPA 1990 s. 53 Waste disposal duties in Scotland Section 53 of the Environmental Protection Act 1990 sets out duties and powers for Scottish waste disposal authorities regarding collected waste.
• EPA 1990 s. 54 Land occupied by disposal authorities: EPA 1990 s.54 This section sets out special rules for land in Scotland that is occupied by waste disposal authorities, covering their powers and duties regarding that land.
• EPA 1990 s. 55 Recycling waste powers EPA 1990 s. 55 gives waste disposal and collection authorities in England and Wales powers to recycle waste: buy, use for energy, sell. Not for Scotland.
• EPA 1990 s. 56 Powers for recycling waste: Scotland Section 56 EPA 1990 gives waste disposal authorities in Scotland powers to enable recycling, buy waste for recycling, and use/sell waste or products from it.
• EPA 1990 s. 57 Power to direct waste acceptance etc. EPA 1990 s. 57 gives Secretary of State and Welsh Ministers power to direct waste handling; compliance with a direction is a defence to other waste offences.
• EPA 1990 s. 58 Scottish waste acceptance directions EPA 1990 s. 58 empowers the Secretary of State to direct a Scottish waste authority to accept and keep, or accept and treat or dispose of controlled waste.
• EPA 1990 s. 59 Removal of unlawfully deposited waste - EPA 1990 s.59 Authorities can require occupiers to remove unlawfully deposited waste within 21 days, with appeal to magistrates' court and fines up to level 5.
• EPA 1990 s. 59A Waste priority directions EPA 1990 s. 59A: Secretary of State may direct waste authorities on which waste categories to prioritise under ss.59-59ZC.
• EPA 1990 s. 60 Waste sites & receptacle interference: EPA 1990 s.60 No person may sort or disturb waste at a provided site or in a receptacle without consent. Penalty: fine up to level 3 on standard scale.
• EPA 1990 s. 60A Waste reduction schemes (England This section allows a waste collection authority in England to make a waste reduction scheme as per Schedule 2AA of EPA 1990.
• EPA 1990 s. 62 Special provision for dangerous waste EPA 1990 s. 62 authorises regulations for special waste (dangerous or intractable). Penalties: level 5 fine (summary) or up to 2 years (indictment).
• EPA 1990 s. 62A Hazardous waste lists Explains EPA 1990 s. 62A: Secretary of State's power to compile and amend lists of waste with hazardous properties, and their use in the Act.
• EPA 1990 s. 63 Offences for non-controlled waste EPA 1990 s. 63 extends regulations and criminal penalties under section 33 to certain non-controlled waste if depositing it would make it special waste.
• EPA 1990 s. 63A Power to minimise controlled waste Waste authorities can take any steps necessary to minimise controlled waste generation; in England they must consult other relevant authorities.
• EPA 1990 s. 64 Duty to maintain public waste registers EPA 1990 s. 64 requires waste authorities to keep public registers of waste licences—including recently current ones for twelve months—free to inspect.
• EPA 1990 s. 65 National security exclusion from registers - EPA 1990 s.65 Procedure for excluding information from public registers (EPA 1990 s.64) on national security grounds: Secretary of State's power and notification process.
• EPA 1990 s. 66 Excluding commercial details from registers EPA 1990 s. 66 protects commercially confidential info on public registers. Authorities must decide in 14 days; exclusions last 4 years unless renewed.
• EPA 1990 s. 71 Power to obtain waste information Under EPA 1990 s. 71, authorities may require written waste information. Non-compliance without reasonable excuse risks fines or up to two years imprisonment.
• EPA 1990 s. 71A Scottish Ministers info request power waste EPA 1990 s71A Scottish Ministers may require relevant authorities to provide info about waste enforcement under ss.59 and 33(1)(a)/(c), limited to once per 12 months.
• EPA 1990 s. 73 Appeals and Civil Liability Section 73 governs non-criminal appeals to the Crown Court and civil liability for damage caused by illegally deposited waste under the EPA 1990.
• EPA 1990 s. 73A Fixed penalty receipts use: Wales Fixed penalty receipts from waste offences in Wales must be used only for waste functions or as Welsh Ministers specify. They may also regulate accounting.
• EPA 1990 s. 74 Meaning of 'fit and proper person' EPA 1990 s.74 Defines fit and proper person for waste licence: no relevant convictions, technical competence, financial standing. EPA 1990 s.74.
• EPA 1990 s. 75 Meaning of waste and its categories Defines waste by reference to EU Directive, and sets out definitions for household, commercial, industrial, and hazardous waste in England and Wales.
• EPA 1990 s. 75A Applying EU Waste Framework rules EPA 1990 s. 75A modifies the Waste Framework Directive in Great Britain, substituting domestic authorities and guidance for EU references and Member States.
• EPA 1990 s. 76 Application to Isles of Scilly EPA 1990 s. 76 exempts the Isles of Scilly from Part II (waste management) unless the Secretary of State orders application after consulting the Council.
• EPA 1990 s. 77 EPA 1990 s. 77: Transition from 1974 Act Explains transition of existing disposal licences/plans from COPA 1974 to EPA 1990, and temporary exemption from s.51(1) restriction until vesting date.
• EPA 1990 s. 78 Radioactive waste excluded from Part 2 (EPA 1990 s.78) EPA 1990 s.78 excludes radioactive waste (per Schedule 23 of Environmental Permitting Regulations) from Part II, except as regulations provide.